China Expansion And Advanced Therapies Will Drive Future Upside

Key Takeaways

• Strong demand for innovative therapies and expansion in emerging markets support growth, while operational efficiency boosts margins and long-term profitability.
  
• Advancements in advanced therapies and substantial shareholder returns position the company for accelerated earnings and enhanced equity performance.
  
• Patent expirations, global pricing pressures, intensifying competition, regulatory uncertainties, and evolving reimbursement models pose significant threats to Novartis' long-term revenue and profit sustainability.

Catalysts

Engages in the research, development, manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of pharmaceutical medicines in Switzerland and internationally.

• Sustained double-digit sales growth for priority brands such as Kisqali, Kesimpta, Scemblix, and Pluvicto highlights strong ongoing demand for Novartis' innovative portfolio. This is supported by the rising prevalence of chronic diseases due to an aging global population, suggesting continued top-line revenue expansion.
  
• Novartis' robust pipeline and rapid regulatory progress in advanced therapies (including biologics, gene, and cell therapies) positions the company to benefit from emerging healthcare technologies, potentially accelerating future earnings and margin growth as new high-value products launch.
  
• Expansion in emerging markets, particularly China (with Leqvio's strong out-of-pocket uptake and continued ex-U.S. growth in priority brands), increases Novartis' overall addressable market, mitigating saturation in developed geographies and driving future sales and cash flow.
  
• Operational efficiency gains from portfolio streamlining (e.g., previous spin-offs and exiting non-core lines) and productivity improvements are driving core margin expansion and higher free cash flow, which can be reinvested in R&D and shareholder returns, supporting long-term earnings and net margin growth.
  
• Announced $10 billion share buyback program, in addition to a strong dividend and significant free cash flow, enhances potential EPS growth and return on equity, which could result in rerating of the stock as medium-term demand and profitability tailwinds materialize.

Novartis Future Earnings and Revenue Growth

Assumptions

• Analysts are assuming Novartis's revenue will grow by 2.3% annually over the next 3 years.
• Analysts assume that profit margins will increase from 24.7% today to 29.3% in 3 years time.
• Analysts expect earnings to reach $17.3 billion (and earnings per share of $9.14) by about September 2028, up from $13.7 billion today. However, there is some disagreement amongst the analysts with the more bearish ones expecting earnings as low as $13.6 billion.
• In order for the above numbers to justify the analysts price target, the company would need to trade at a PE ratio of 14.0x on those 2028 earnings, down from 18.2x today. This future PE is lower than the current PE for the US Pharmaceuticals industry at 30.9x.
• Analysts expect the number of shares outstanding to decline by 3.17% per year for the next 3 years.
• To value all of this in today's terms, we will use a discount rate of 3.82%, as per the Simply Wall St company report.

Novartis Future Earnings Per Share Growth

Risks

• Loss of exclusivity (LOE) and entry of generics for key blockbuster drugs like Entresto present a significant long-term revenue risk, with financial guidance already incorporating major top-line and bottom-line declines upon U.S. generic entry; protracted litigation and uncertain patent protection could accelerate revenue erosion and profit pressure.
  
• Increasing global pricing pressure in key markets is evident, particularly in China and Europe, where tightening government budgets, NRDL dynamics, price resets upon new indication launches, and potential "clawback" or reimbursement mechanism reforms are reducing price growth and net margins across multiple portfolio products, with additional exposure to direct negotiation (IRA) in the United States.
  
• Long-term competitive intensity is rising in key therapeutic areas, such as immunology and oncology, where new competitor entrants and biosimilars are already impacting Cosentyx's market share and pricing, while accelerated generic and biosimilar competition may further erode pricing power and compress future net margins.
  
• Key late-stage pipeline development risks persist, including for major programs like Sjogren's disease and new renal or autoimmune disease assets, where tough clinical targets and regulatory uncertainty could result in underperformance, jeopardizing long-term earnings growth and future revenue contributions.
  
• Secular adoption of value-based healthcare models, stricter reimbursement hurdles, and evolving government policies around drug pricing (including MFN and U.S. reforms) threaten Novartis' ability to maintain historical sales volumes, pricing leverage, and operational profitability across core geographies, with downstream risk to revenue growth and net margins.

Valuation

• The analysts have a consensus price target of CHF99.364 for Novartis based on their expectations of its future earnings growth, profit margins and other risk factors. However, there is a degree of disagreement amongst analysts, with the most bullish reporting a price target of CHF120.06, and the most bearish reporting a price target of just CHF79.67.
• In order for you to agree with the analyst's consensus, you'd need to believe that by 2028, revenues will be $59.1 billion, earnings will come to $17.3 billion, and it would be trading on a PE ratio of 14.0x, assuming you use a discount rate of 3.8%.
• Given the current share price of CHF103.08, the analyst price target of CHF99.36 is 3.7% lower. The relatively low difference between the current share price and the analyst consensus price target indicates that they believe on average, the company is fairly priced.
• We always encourage you to reach your own conclusions though. So sense check these analyst numbers against your own assumptions and expectations based on your understanding of the business and what you believe is probable.